Petee atherton



uiten ,a

tutes genet @fitta PETER ATHERToN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PEN N SYLVNIA. Letters Patent No. 68,934, dated Septemer 17, 1867.

'IMPROVEMENT IN STEiAM-GENERATORS.

T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: i Y

Be itknewn that I,PETER ArHERroN, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Steam-Boilers, and in their apparatus for feeding und cleansing the same; and I do hereby declare that `the following is a full and exact description thereof, refcrcncebeing had, to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a boiler.

Figure 2 is a plan of same.

Figure 3 is a section through the back boiler-head.

Figure 4 is a section through the luesconne'cting with shell.

Figure 5 is an elevation ofboiler front. v .Fig 1 shows an ordinary cylinder boiler, A, fitted with one orV more tlues B C D E F, connected to the boiler-head Gby flanges, secured with screw-bolts or rivets, or any known means, and connected with the bottom of the boiler by means of bends, elbows, orv quarter-turns Bl C2 D3 E* F5. These bends, elbows, or quurter-; turns are bell-mouthed, and secured to the boiler-shell by means of flanges, secured by screw-bolts, rivets, por) any other known mea-ns. The bearing-wall H prevents the products of combustion passing under the boiler A from the grate I, which therefore finds an outlet, through the bell-mouth ilues B C D E F, into the chamber'J', in the direction of the arrows. The boiler A sits on a wall or midfeather, K, dividing the space under the boiler into two chambers L and M. The products of combustion, after leaving J, pass along the chamber L, through the orifice N, in the midfeather K, i'nto the chamber M, and-escaping into the chimney at ,0.u Bythis system of ilues, passing from over the fire, through thc interior of the boiler, the amount of heating surfaceis largely increased. l e, l Fig. 2 shows thc plan of feeding and cleansing boilers. The tube I is connected with the force-pump,` or any other means of supplying the boiler with water. The tube Q is connected at right angles with the tube P, and stands vertically, as shown in iig. 1.' From this tube Q diverges 4the tube R, into'thc lower portion of the boiler A, between the `flue D and the inner portionA of the shell ofboiler, andtcrminafting at the bend, elbow, or quarter-turn D3. This tube R is perforated with holes S S S, of'diameter Ideemed ecessaryto suit the evaporating power` of the boilers, 'which holes S S S are countersunk or recessed from the outer side of tube, so as to be freed from any clogging or obstruction, and also to distribute the feed-water over a largersurface' over the bottom of the boiler. I also use longitudinal slits or slots, widened on the outer surface, as shown in gs. 1 and 2, and marked T T. The feed-water is admitted into the tube R by opening the valves or cocks 1 and 2. The feed-vvater is forced through the perforations or slits on to the bottom of the` boiler in'diil'erent directions, in accordance with the position of the perforations or slits, thereby keeping the bottom clean, and distributing the feed-water over a large surface, and equa-lining the expansion und contraction of the boiler. In blowing olf t or emptying the boiler, valve or cock 1 is closed, valve or cock 2 opened. Valve or cock 3 is also opened, permitting the'exit of water to the atmosphere. The tube U connects with the vertical tube Q, passing through the boiler-head in a. line with the water level in boiler, andterminating at the end of liuc D, as shown in figs. 1 and 2. This tube U is also perforated or slotted in the same manner as the bottom feed pipe R. This tube I designate the scum tube or pipe, and use for the purpose of freeingv the surface water of all impurities Athat may collect during the generation of steam, and which scum or impurity is so fruitful of priming or lifting of the water into the steam-chamber. I close valves or cocks land 2, and open 3 and/i, blowing the scum orimpuritiest` into the atmosphere through the blow-oil` cock V; I also use this tube U, designated scum tubcror pipe, as a water-feed pipe by opening valves 1 and 3,l and closing valve 2. I feed on the top of the flues, or, by opening valves 1 2 3, I feed under and over the iiues; and, by opening valve 4, I can free the boiler of all foreign matter, both on the surface of the water, and at the bottom'of the boiler.

Figs. 3 and 4 show the position of Vthie feed and scum pipes in section in the boiler. Fig. 4 also shows the position of one or Vmore bell-mouthed bends, elbows, or` quarter-turns in section, `ns fastened to the bottom of boiler. p i f Fig. 3 represents the flanges-of flues in connection with 'back houd of boiler. t Figure 5 represents thc Nfront of boiler. -i i One part of my invention consists in placing into the shell of a steam-boiler one or more ues, composed of wrought or cast iron, or any other known material. O ne end of said lue is connected, by anges, sockets, or any other mode of connecting tubes or dues now in use, to the back head of the boiler,v the other end terminating in a bend, elbow, or quarter-turn, the mouth or orifice of which is enlarged to more than the body of the iiue or tube connected therewith, into what is commonly called a bell-mouth, which bell-mouth is hanged, or by sockets fastened to the shell of the boiler, and so placed that these bell-mouth ues or tubes look, over Athe tire on the grate, and are made the means of conveying all-the products of combustion of the fuel through the water surrounding the hues. By this arrangement the heating surface of cylinder boilers is greatly enhanced, and a `.lietter distribution of the products of combustion obtained.

The second portion of mysinvention relates to the distribution oi' feed-water in boilers by means of tube or tubes, equali-zing the expansion and contraction of the boilers, and preventing the accumulation of deposit on the bottom of boilers. The feed tube or tubes are composed of wrought or castl iron, or any known material now in use, and of a capacity in accordance with the evaporating power of the boiler. The feed-water enters this tube or tubes from the pump, or any of the known means of feeding boilers, and is distributed over the bottom of the boiler through holes or slits placed at intervals, and sorarranged as to force the 'water on the bottom of the boiler by countersinking or enlarging the outer orifice of the holes or slits. The water issuing from these is spread out, and prevents the accumulation of sediment or scale onthe inner portion of the boiler. These holes or slits, which give free passage to the water entering the boiler, I also use as passages for blowing oir` the water in the boiler. The holes or slits, being countersunk or enlarged, prevent any substance from filling upor stopping these said passages. y u

The third part of my invention relatesto similar tube or tubes placed over the flue in a direction with the water line in the boiler. They are also perforated in like manner with holes or slits, countersunk or enlarged on the outside of tube or tubes for the purpose 'of carrying o the scum or any matter -iioating on the surface of the water, and which has the effect of causing the water in the boiler to foam or lift into the stearnlway or reservoir of the boiler. By opening the valves or cocks, properly placed, these accumulating impurities can be blown out or discharged into the atmosphere, and the-foaming thereby prevented. I alsouse the upper tube or .tubes as a feed pipe or tube, thereby preventing the accumulation of mud or scale onvthe top of the dues, and in emergency reducing quickly the temperature of both water und steam in the boiler.

I do not claim placing flues in boilers, or feeding boilers through tubes, or blowing ot` the scum from the surface of the water through tubes; nor do I claim the bea'iing-wall H, or chambers J L M, having openings N O, as I am aware that they are not new, iu themselves considered; but having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- I I The arrangement of the bell-mouthed ues B C D EF, bearing-wall H, 'and chambers J LM, having openings N O, for the purpose of creating an increased amount of heating surface, asherein shown and described. PETERv ATHERTON.

Witnesses Guo. Seorr, J nssn TAYLon. 

